Morphological Structure of Annelids Sample

Morphological Structure of Annelids Paper The nervous system includes a pair of cephalic ganglia attached to double nerve cords that run the length to the animal along the ventral body wall, with ganglia and branches in each segment. Annelids have some combination of tactile organs, competitors, balance receptors, and photoreceptors: some forms have fairly well developed eyes, including lenses. The annelids number more than 13,000 species distributed among three classes: the marine worm (Polyphosphate), which are divided into free moving and sedentary or tube-dwelling forms; the earthworms (Oligocene); and the leeches, (Hernia). Polyphosphate can be found in the intestinal zone up to -?5000 meters of the ocean depth. Oligocene and Hardliner can be found in land. Objectives I. TO introduce student With the morphological Structure Of Annelids 2. TO introduce a technique to isolate Annelids worm from sediments 3. To draw the important structures of this group for identification using compound microscope. Apparatus ; Stereo microscope ; Compound microscope ; Petri dish ; Forceps ; Annelids samples Methods 1. Extracted samples which contain Polyphosphate, Oligocene, and Hardliner were taken. The samples were washed with water and transferred into a Petri dish, 2, The samples were differentiated into Polyphosphate, Oligocene, and Hardliner group. 3. The samples oeuvre viewed under the compound microscope and the structure of Polyphosphate, Oligocene, and Hardliner ever drawn. 4. For Polyphosphate, the Structures that has been stressed on for identification was paranoia, promethium, peritoneum, peristalsis cirri, antenna, pal, eyes, and types Of setae. S. For Oligocene, the Structures that has been stressed on for identification was promethium, mouth, setae, spermatophyte, xenophobe, sperm Nell, cellulite and tubercle. . The above Structures were drawn and the functions of each structure were explained in discussion. Discussion Every each to organisms has their own structures and every structure have its own function, As annelids are small organisms, all the structure need to observe under the compound microscope. Some tooth structure could not be observed as it is interna l structure of the annelids, The observation of the annelids was done for the external structure only. Table 1. 1 below shows the results and the structure that can be observed in annelid samples provided. We will write a custom essay sample on Morphological Structure of Annelids specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Morphological Structure of Annelids specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Morphological Structure of Annelids specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Structures Polychaetaoligochaeta Hardening Paranoia / Promethium / Turbulence Peritoneum / Peristalsis cirri Antenna Pal/ Eyes/ Mouth /// Spermatophyte Snooper . / / Sperm funnel Cellulite. Table 1. 1 Polyphosphates have paranoia, fleshy, beadlike lobes on each segment. Paranoia are attention in locomotion and gas exchange. Setae are located on the paranoia. Setae in annelids are bristle or hair like structures found in living organisms. They help in balancing of some living organisms like earthworms not to backslide, It often functions like a kind of overlie when the animal is feeding. The shape and composition of promethium are important for annelid systematic. The anterior end has a mouth opening. Covered by a lobe termed promethium. The posterior segment bears the anus. The first section behind the promethium, called the peritoneum (Greek meaning around and rope meaning mouth), is regarded by some zoologists as not a true segment, but in some polyphosphates the peritoneum has cheetah and appendages like those of other segments. Peristalsis cirri are paired, elongated cirri on the peritoneum. Several fused segments compose that region, which is confirmed by the presence f several fused ganglia along the ventral nerve cord. Anterior locomotors appendages: the pair Of head appendages located ventilators on the peritoneum. These aids in locomotion, fixation on the host, and feeding. They are retractile, and are also known as anterior limbs. Factual Rouse (1997) has cited in Titian Machine Steiner; A. Cecilia Z. Amoral: The family Histrionically (Annelid, Polyphosphate) including descriptions of two new species from Brazil and a new genus- termed them peristalsis cirri because they are located on the peritoneum. Other families of Annunciated order have the peristalsis cirri coated dorsally and posterior on the peritoneum. A pair of pals which are differentiated into two units, the distal unit of which is substantial even though it is smaller than the proximal unit. Pals and antennae are located on the head to many polyphosphates. In some groups they are both sensory while in others the pals are used for feeding. A spermatophyte function in annelids is to receive and store sperm from the male or, in the case of hermaphrodites, the male component of the body, and can sometimes be the site of fertilization when the octets are sufficiently develop. The conducts (oviduct/vagina and sperm duct) usually open via a common opening, with the ducts leading into a hemispherical chamber called the genital atrium which opens to the outside via the snooper. The snooper is at one side of the proctologist, either central or toward one end. A sphincter muscle can open or close the snooper. The snooper Of each proctologist may all occur on the same side of the worm, as in our piece of worm drawn above, or they may be on both sides in an irregular and random fashion. (Though each proctologist only has one snooper on either did). In some species, there is a double system with each proctologist having NON snoopers, one on each side. The sperm funnel, Which consists Of a ciliated epithelium bounded by a flattened peritoneum, is characterized by a halo of vertically orientated spermatozoa. The spermatozoa nuclei terminate within the culinary zone of the funnel but junction attachments been sperm and cilia have not been observed. A tubercle is knob. Like protuberance, often referring to a large (macromolecule) or small (micrometeorite) projection on the Elton of some annelids. The cellulite is part of the reproductive system of classmates, a subgroup of annelids which contains lighthouses (earthworms) and hardiness (leeches). The cellulite is a thick, saddle-like, ring found in the epidermis (skin) of the worm, usually with a light-colored pigment. To form a cocoon for its eggs, the cellulite secretes a viscous fluid. This organ is used in sexual reproduction of some annelids. The cellulite becomes apparent in mature annelids, but may be hard to locate visually in younger annelids. In leeches, it appears seasonally. Its lour is usually slightly lighter than that of the body of the annelid, Occasionally, living segments of the worm will be shed with the cellulite. Cellulite produces a slime tube that slides forward toward the anterior segments As it passes along, it receives deposits of eggs and sperm from another individual that has been stored in the seminal receptacles, Fertilization occurs within the mucous cocoon, which is then deposited in the soil. References I. Hemming, T. P. (1 981), The littà ©rateurs Of the sperm funnel and nor-I-glandular Vass deferent of Tubbier tubbier (Annelid: Oligocene).

Philosophical Essay Topics

Philosophical Essay TopicsThe first step in preparing for a philosophy argumentative essay is to determine what argumentative essay topics you are going to use and how you will tackle them. There are many choices available, so there is no shortage of topics to choose from. Here are some of the most popular ones:Objectivism is a philosophical system that argues that everything is a product of human thought, and therefore everything can be proven through logic and the laws of logic. The basic premises of this philosophy are that reason can prove anything, and therefore any human being is an expert in his own mind. Man is able to apply the laws of logic and knowledge to all aspects of life. Philosophy may be applied to nearly every area of life, including science, sociology, and ethics. The objectivist philosophy is not confined to only one area of philosophy, but goes on to offer a universal philosophy that can be applied to all areas of life.A concept known as naturalism in philosophy is the notion that all humans have the same innate nature and therefore knowledge and learning come from the mind and understanding of a person. Naturalism, therefore, also posits that all knowledge is true and valid. A naturalist, therefore, believes that knowledge and truth are beyond all the discoveries and theories of mankind. Naturalism may be used to explain how human knowledge is different from other forms of knowledge. Many traditional philosophers accept the naturalist position, including Kant and Hume.Empiricism is the view that all knowledge can be accepted on the basis of human intuition. One of the most famous philosophers who held this view was Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Empiricism is not limited to one kind of subject matter, but may be used to accept any kind of information. It also entails the acceptance of knowledge on the basis of human intuition, even knowledge that is self-refuting. It also tends to state that all truth can be found through the human mind, and ther efore knowledge should be accepted based on the human mind's ability to determine truth.Skepticism is one of the most common philosophy argumentative essay topics. Skeptics do not believe in all-knowing God or the ability of man to come up with knowledge. Skeptics will not accept knowledge because they believe it comes from our own senses, and therefore humans cannot use the same means of proving and learning about the world.Platonism is the view that there is no absolute truth and that philosophic theories are subject to change. Another philosophical term that often applies to philosophers is Aristotelianism. The English word 'aristocracy' is sometimes used to refer to philosophers who do not subscribe to philosophical theories such as Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and Spinoza.Dualism is another of the most popular philosophy argumentative essay topics. This philosophical view asserts that there are two basic principles in nature, and those principles are existence and nothingness. The existence principle states that there is no limit to the universe; the nothingness principle states that there is no material realm or space; and these two principles, as well as other elements of dualism, are part of the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes.Philosophy is a very broad topic, so there are many more philosophical essays out there to choose from. If you are interested in writing an essay about the philosophy, the Internet provides many free resources. What kind of philosophical essay topics are you going to write?